The Round Tower in Copenhagen

Nestled in the heart of Copenhagen, Denmark, The Round Tower, or “Rundetårn” as it’s known locally, stands as a testament to 17th-century architecture and Danish cultural heritage. This iconic historical monument is more than just a tower; it’s a symbol of Copenhagen’s rich history and a must-visit for anyone exploring the city.

Built during the reign of Christian IV of Denmark, The Round Tower has been a prominent part of Copenhagen’s skyline since its completion in 1642. Located on one of the city center’s bustling shopping streets, it offers a serene escape from the crowds.

Architectural Style

The Round Tower’s architectural style is heavily influenced by Dutch Baroque, a design that was prevalent during the time of its construction. The tower’s architect, Hans van Steenwinckel the Younger, masterfully blended this style with traditional Danish elements, creating a structure that is both unique and timeless.

One of the most distinctive features of The Round Tower is its wide spiral ramp, known as the equestrian staircase. This spiral ramp leads visitors to the top of the tower, offering a journey that feels like stepping back in time. The ramp is so wide that, according to stories, Russian Tsar Peter the Great once rode up on a horse!

Famous Visits and Events

The Round Tower has been a magnet for notable figures and events throughout its existence. Besides the famous visit by Tsar Peter the Great, the tower has hosted various exhibitions and cultural events. Its role as the oldest functioning observatory in Europe adds to its allure, attracting astronomers and stargazers alike.

The tower’s hollow core has its own tale to tell. A 12-year-old choir boy discovered this architectural feature in 1880 when he fell down 25 meters while playing hide and seek. Today, visitors can safely look down this hollow core through a thick glass floor, standing 25 meters above the ground.

Current Usage

Today, The Round Tower serves multiple purposes. It is an observation tower, providing breathtaking views of Copenhagen’s cityscape. It’s also a public astronomical observatory, allowing amateur astronomers and the general public to gaze at the stars.

Moreover, The Round Tower functions as an exhibition and concert venue, hosting various art exhibitions and musical performances throughout the year. Its Library Hall, in particular, has become a cultural landmark, showcasing the works of contemporary artists and musicians.

Whether you’re an art enthusiast, a history buff, or simply a curious traveler, The Round Tower offers a multifaceted experience that encapsulates the essence of Copenhagen. From its Dutch Baroque architecture to its modern-day cultural significance, this tower is a living landmark that continues to inspire and fascinate visitors from around the world.

Construction Phase

The construction of The Round Tower began in 1637 under the patronage of Christian IV of Denmark. The tower was designed by the renowned architect Hans van Steenwinckel the Younger, who was instrumental in bringing the Dutch Baroque style to Denmark.

The construction phase was a monumental task, involving intricate planning and preparations. The tower was part of the Trinitatis Complex, which also included the Trinitatis Church and the Copenhagen University Library. The construction was completed in 1642, and the tower quickly became a symbol of Copenhagen’s architectural prowess.

Time as an Observatory

The Round Tower’s role as an observatory has been central to its identity. It served as the University of Copenhagen’s observatory and became the oldest functioning observatory in Europe. Famous astronomers such as Tycho Brahe and Johann Doppelmayr have been associated with the tower.

However, the tower’s time as an observatory was not without challenges. The Great Fire of 1728 threatened its existence, but the tower survived and continued to contribute to the field of astronomy.

In the later years, the observatory faced a decline due to the rise of modern observatories and light pollution in the city. Despite this, the tower’s observatory was reconstructed in 1928, allowing access for amateur astronomers and the general public. It remains a hub for astronomical observations, especially during the winter season from October to March.

Cultural References

The Round Tower’s cultural significance extends beyond its architectural and scientific contributions. It has been immortalized in various literary and artistic works, including those by Hans Christian Andersen.

The tower has also been the subject of paintings and illustrations, reflecting its iconic status in Danish culture. Its unique cylindrical design and spiral ramp have inspired artists and writers alike, making it a recurring symbol in Danish art and literature.

Moreover, the tower has been referenced in modern media, including video games like SimCity (2013), where it is featured as a recognizable landmark.

Notable Ascents

The Round Tower has witnessed several notable ascents over the centuries. Perhaps the most famous is the ascent by Peter the Great, who, according to legend, rode up the tower’s spiral ramp on horseback.

Other unique ascents include those by cyclists during the Rundetaarn Unicycle Race and various exhibitions showcasing the tower’s architectural marvels. These ascents have added to the tower’s folklore, making each visit a journey through history and imagination.

From its inception as a 17th-century architectural masterpiece to its current role as a cultural and scientific landmark, The Round Tower’s historical background is rich and multifaceted. It stands as a testament to Copenhagen’s heritage, a beacon of knowledge, art, and innovation that continues to inspire generations. Whether through its time as an observatory or its influence on art and literature, The Round Tower remains a living piece of history, etched in the very fabric of Danish identity.

Design and Construction

The Round Tower’s design and construction are a marvel of 17th-century architecture. Its Dutch Baroque style, infused with Danish elements, sets it apart from other historical structures. The tower’s architect, Hans van Steenwinckel the Younger, employed innovative construction techniques to create this iconic landmark.

The cross-section of the tower and the adjoining Trinitatis Church reveals a complex structure. The tower’s cylindrical design is complemented by its unique spiral ramp, known as the equestrian staircase, which winds 7.5 turns around the hollow core.

The construction materials include brick, sandstone, and other local materials, reflecting the architectural trends of the time. The tower’s weight and measurements are meticulously planned, resulting in a structure that has stood the test of time.

Spiral Ramp

The Round Tower’s spiral ramp is one of its most distinctive features. This wide, gently sloping ramp was designed to allow horse-drawn carriages to ascend to the library, making it a functional and aesthetic masterpiece.

The inside view of the ramp reveals its gradual grade, allowing for a comfortable ascent. Visitors can walk up the ramp, enjoying the architectural details and the view of the hollow core through a glass floor. The ramp’s design has inspired various artistic interpretations and remains a symbol of Danish architectural innovation.

Observation Deck and Observatory

The observation deck at the top of The Round Tower offers breathtaking views of Copenhagen’s cityscape. The wrought-iron lattice and monogram details add to the aesthetic appeal, creating a space that is both functional and beautiful.

The observatory, located above the observation deck, is equipped with telescopes and other astronomical instruments. It serves as a public observatory, allowing visitors to explore the night sky. The observatory’s design reflects its historical significance as the oldest functioning observatory in Europe, a legacy that continues to inspire astronomers and stargazers.

Toilet and Other Facilities

While the architectural marvels of The Round Tower are its main attraction, the tower also offers practical facilities for visitors. The toilet, located halfway up the tower, is a modern addition, providing convenience without detracting from the historical ambiance.

Other facilities include a refreshments kiosk and spaces for exhibitions and concerts. These amenities enhance the visitor experience, allowing for a comfortable and enjoyable exploration of the tower.

The Round Tower’s architectural details are a blend of form and function, reflecting the ingenuity of 17th-century Danish architecture. From its unique spiral ramp to its observation deck and observatory, the tower offers a journey through history, art, and science. Its design and construction are a testament to the creativity and craftsmanship of the time, making it a living monument that continues to fascinate and inspire. Whether exploring its architectural marvels or gazing at the stars from its observatory, The Round Tower offers a multifaceted experience that resonates with visitors from around the world.

Exhibitions in the Round Tower

The Round Tower is not just an architectural marvel; it’s a vibrant cultural hub that hosts various exhibitions throughout the year. The Library Hall, once part of the University of Copenhagen’s library, now serves as an exhibition space, showcasing contemporary art, photography, and historical artifacts.

Current and past exhibitions reflect a diverse range of themes and artistic expressions. From traditional Danish art to avant-garde installations, the exhibitions in the Round Tower offer a rich cultural experience. Visitors can explore the works of emerging and established artists, engaging with art that resonates with the tower’s historical and cultural significance.

Astronomy and Observatory Functions

The Round Tower’s observatory is a central part of its identity. As the oldest functioning observatory in Europe, it continues to be a hub for astronomical observations and education.

The public observatory is open during the winter season, allowing amateur astronomers and the general public to explore the night sky through telescopes and other instruments. Special events such as sun observations and children’s workshops add to the educational value, making the observatory a place of learning and discovery.

The observatory’s functions extend beyond stargazing. It hosts lectures, seminars, and other educational activities, fostering a community of astronomy enthusiasts and curious minds.

Special Events and Activities

The Round Tower’s cultural offerings extend to special events and activities that cater to diverse interests. The annual Rundetaarn Unicycle Race is a unique event that challenges participants to race up the tower’s spiral ramp on unicycles.

Concerts and other cultural events are regularly held in the tower’s spaces, including the Library Hall and the Trinitatis Church. From classical music to contemporary performances, the tower’s acoustics and ambiance create an unparalleled experience for both performers and audiences.

Seasonal activities, such as summer concerts and holiday celebrations, add to the tower’s appeal as a dynamic cultural venue. Whether attending a concert, participating in a race, or exploring an art exhibition, visitors can engage with a wide range of cultural experiences that reflect the tower’s multifaceted identity.

The Round Tower’s exhibitions and activities are a testament to its role as a cultural landmark in Copenhagen. It’s a place where history, art, science, and community converge, offering a rich tapestry of experiences that resonate with locals and tourists alike. From its art exhibitions to its observatory functions and special events, The Round Tower is more than a historical monument; it’s a living cultural space that continues to inspire, educate, and entertain. Whether exploring the tower’s artistic offerings or gazing at the stars from its observatory, visitors can immerse themselves in a world of creativity and discovery that transcends time and space.

Visiting the Tower

The Round Tower welcomes visitors from around the world, offering an experience that combines history, architecture, art, and astronomy. The tower’s central location in Copenhagen makes it easily accessible, and its opening hours and prices are designed to accommodate various interests and schedules.

Visitors can purchase tickets at the entrance or pre-purchase them online. Payment methods include Danish Kroner, Euro, and credit card payments. The Copenhagen Card also grants free access to the tower, making it a convenient option for tourists exploring the city’s attractions.

Observatory Details

The observatory at The Round Tower is a highlight for many visitors, especially those interested in astronomy. The observatory’s schedule varies with the season, with extended hours during the winter months for stargazing.

Admission to the observatory is included in the general ticket price, and visitors can explore the night sky through telescopes and other instruments. Special events, such as sun observations and children’s workshops, offer additional opportunities for astronomical exploration.

Practical Information

Visiting The Round Tower is a comfortable experience, with practicalities taken into consideration. The tower is accessible for prams and wheelchairs, and guide dogs are allowed. Luggage can be stored at the entrance, and a refreshments kiosk offers snacks and beverages.

Guided tours are available for those interested in a deeper exploration of the tower’s history and architecture. These tours are conducted by knowledgeable guides who provide insights into the tower’s significance and its various features.

Views from the Tower

The observation deck at The Round Tower offers stunning views of Copenhagen’s cityscape. From the Marble Church to the Christiansborg Palace, visitors can enjoy a panoramic view of the city’s landmarks.

The observation deck is equipped with information panels and telescopes, allowing visitors to identify various points of interest. Whether enjoying a leisurely view of the city or capturing photographs, the views from the tower add to the overall experience.

The Round Tower’s visitor information is designed to ensure a seamless and enjoyable experience. From its convenient location and accessibility to its observatory details and practical information, the tower caters to a wide range of interests and needs. The views from the tower offer a unique perspective of Copenhagen, adding to the allure of this historical and cultural landmark. Whether exploring the tower’s architectural marvels, engaging with its exhibitions and activities, or simply enjoying the views, visitors can immerse themselves in an experience that reflects the essence of Copenhagen and its rich heritage.

The Round Tower Today

The Round Tower stands as a living testament to Copenhagen’s rich cultural heritage. Its multifaceted identity as an observation tower, a public astronomical observatory, and an exhibition and concert venue reflects its dynamic role in the city’s cultural landscape.

Today, the tower continues to inspire visitors with its architectural marvels, artistic exhibitions, and astronomical observations. Its unique spiral ramp, breathtaking views, and vibrant cultural offerings make it a must-visit destination for tourists and locals alike.

The tower’s modern influence extends to its participation in cultural events and collaborations with contemporary artists and musicians. Its spaces, including the Library Hall and the Trinitatis Church, host a wide range of cultural activities, from art exhibitions to concerts and lectures.

Cultural Impact and References

The Round Tower’s cultural impact transcends its physical presence. It has been immortalized in literature, art, and media, reflecting its iconic status in Danish culture.

Literary references include works by Hans Christian Andersen, who featured the tower in his stories. Artists such as Adi Holzer have depicted the tower in their paintings, and it has been referenced in modern media, including video games like SimCity (2013).

The tower’s unique design and historical significance have inspired various artistic interpretations, making it a recurring symbol in Danish cultural expressions.

Cultural references also extend to international recognition, such as the naming of Asteroid 5505 Rundetaarn, reflecting the tower’s influence in the field of astronomy.

Conclusion

The Round Tower’s modern influence and cultural impact are a reflection of its multifaceted identity and enduring significance. It stands as a beacon of Danish heritage, a place where history, art, science, and community converge.

Its architectural marvels, cultural offerings, and astronomical legacy continue to resonate with visitors from around the world. Whether exploring its spiral ramp, engaging with its artistic exhibitions, or gazing at the stars from its observatory, The Round Tower offers an experience that transcends time and space.

From its inception as a 17th-century architectural masterpiece to its current role as a cultural and scientific landmark, The Round Tower is a living piece of history that continues to inspire, educate, and entertain. Its modern influence and cultural impact are a testament to its enduring appeal, making it a symbol of Copenhagen’s creativity, innovation, and cultural richness.